The substrate surface is not cleaned before construction, leaving dust, oil, or moisture, which prevents the sealant from adhering tightly; some porous substrates (such as concrete or stone) are not primed, resulting in poor compatibility between the sealant and the substrate.
Extremely low environmental temperatures (below 5°C) or low humidity (relative humidity <40%) can prolong curing time or even prevent the sealant from fully curing; applying the sealant too thickly may result in the surface curing while the inside remains uncured.
Uneven application speed or improper technique can cause bubbles, uneven surfaces, or rough edges in the sealant joint; failure to promptly clean overflowed sealant can result in hard-to-remove residues after curing.